Jan 13, 2022 · If you are configuring static IP addresses for your services at Vultr, use our recursive DNS servers for high-performance, low-latency DNS resolution. These DNS servers are available only to systems on the Vultr network. These are the same DNS servers assignments you receive when using Vultr's DHCP configuration. For IPv4, use: 108.61.10.10. Are you looking for a cloud hosting service that supports GPUs? Vultr offers high-performance SSD VPS servers with GPU options for your computing needs. Read their ...We are simplifying the cloud. One Login, 15 Countries, 22 Cities, Infinite Possibilities.Price-performance is exceptional, and Vultr’s highly-available infrastructure is located near our customers in Australia and around the world. We know we can count on the Vultr team. Read Case Study. Over 1.5 million customers fly with Vultr. Easily build, deploy, and manage Vultr high-performance infrastructure ...You can add startup scripts to your Vultr cloud server instances in the Customer Portal or through the Vultr API. This guide explains the different types of scripts available at Vultr and how to use them. Script Types. Vultr supports several types of startup scripts: Linux systems use cloud-init user-data.The Vultr web console is similar to sitting in front of a physical machine when network access is not possible. All major browsers support the web console, but it is not a full replacement for SSH or Remote Desktop clients. The web console is useful for server troubleshooting, credential resets, network configuration, and quickly checking the ...If you’re going for CPU power, here is the cost breakdown for each tier. This is just the number of vCPUs, and actual performance may vary. In the $40 to $320 USD options, Vultr is a better option for price to CPU power. DigitalOcean offers larger packages, while Vultr offers dedicated servers instead of these … High Performance, Low Price. Cloud Compute instances run atop best-in-class, shared AMD and Intel CPUs. Starting at just $5/month, with an optional upgrade to NVMe SSD, you get incredible performance at an unbeatable price. View Pricing. Deploy anything in seconds. Vultr.com is a cloud hosting provider that offers SSD VPS servers, cloud servers, and dedicated servers in 17 locations around the world. You can deploy your server in 60 seconds with a simple and flexible pricing plan. Learn more about Vultr's features, benefits, and FAQs on their official website.vultr（vultr.wiki），vultr的维基百科，介绍vultr vps的相关信息，包括vultr教程，vultr优惠活动，vultr方案，vultr测评，vultr日本，vultr洛杉矶，vultr新加坡，vultr美国。 vultr官网Our cloud-agnostic open source guides help millions of developers learn and build new software every day.We maintain multiple replicas of data for high availability and data protection. Key features to Vultr Block Storage v2 include: • Improved Performance - Significantly higher throughput, IOPS, and latency. • Greater Scalability - More flexible than your VM's boot volume. As your needs grow, so can Vultr Block …Jun 26, 2020 · The Vultr One-Click Docker application is a Docker CE host that's ready to run in about a minute. Vultr updates the application regularly, so you'll always have the latest platform for your Docker containers. One-Click Docker comes in both CentOS and Ubuntu flavors. Pre-Configured User. It is a best practice to run containers as a limited user. Vultr Bare Metal is a true single-tenant environment without the management overhead of traditional dedicated servers. Bare Metal Locations. Every Bare Metal server includes a burstable network connection to bring low-latency, high-speed throughput closer to your users. Bare Metal is available in the following …Vultr Overview. With 200k plus customers from 150 countries around the globe, Vultr is known for offering cloud servers with resilient SSD storage. This advanced cloud platform aims to deliver cloud infrastructure and hosting services to …Mar 03, 2021. In this post, Mariah McLaughlin, Software Engineer on the Vultr Cloud Native Team discusses the Vultr CLI, one of our open-source tools and shares how it can … Use Cases and Deployment Scope. Short review - Vultr is the best VPS provider in the world by far. 11/10 amazing. A++++. Bare Metal doesn't have an unlimited bandwidth option and runs on the expensive side (unlike their VPS products which are so reasonably priced, 10 of my friends have the $3.50 full web server deal. Are you looking for a reliable and affordable cloud hosting service? Vultr is the answer. Vultr offers you the best performance, flexibility, and security for your websites and applications. And now, you can get $250 free credit when you sign up with this exclusive promo code. Hurry up and join Vultr today!Learn how to use Vultr Virtual Private Cloud 2.0 (VPC 2.0) to segment and secure your cloud servers. Find out the limitations, features, and API endpoints of VPC 2.0.Vultr provides frictionless provisioning of public cloud, storage, and single-tenant bare metal via 32 global locations. | Vultr is an ultra-reliable cloud platform that is within close proximity ...Learn how to manually configure your network adapters on Vultr cloud servers for Linux, Windows, and BSD-based operating systems. Follow the steps for …Vultr is a cloud server provider that aims to make it easy for developers and businesses to deploy their infrastructure on its advanced cloud platform. It has become one of the leading choices for hosting websites. Vultr has a global presence with 32 data centers across the world – You can select the server location that is nearest to you or your target audience.Cloud Compute – The Cloud Compute plan of Vultr starts from $2.50/month and can go up to $640/month. Users can get between 10 to 1600 GB storage space and 96 GB memory. Bare Metal – Bare Metal is a plan that comes with 8 cores, 5000GB bandwidth, and several other features at a price of $120/month. Dedicated Cloud …Vultr.com is a cloud hosting provider that offers SSD VPS servers, cloud servers, and dedicated servers in 17 locations around the world. You can deploy your server in 60 seconds with a simple and flexible pricing plan. Learn more about Vultr's features, benefits, and FAQs on their official website.Vultr Firewall has features comparable to many server operating system firewalls, with several key differences. Packet filtering takes place at a higher level on the network, reducing resource usage of your server. The firewall is managed through the Vultr control panel.NVIDIA A40. The Vultr NVIDIA A40 GPU model best suits the following use cases: Virtualization and Cloud Computing: A40 allows swift resource sharing for tasks such as Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI), gaming-as-a-service, and cloud-based rendering. Professional Graphics: Handles most demanding graphic tasks in professional applications such ...Vultr is a cloud hosting provider that offers high-performance, reliable, and scalable solutions for various needs. Whether you want to deploy a custom OS, a web application, or your own IP space, Vultr has the tools and features to help you succeed. Join Vultr's team and enjoy a rewarding career in the cloud industry.Are you looking for a fast and reliable SSD VPS provider with a global network? Vultr offers advanced networking features such as private networks, IPv6, DDoS protection, and more. Learn how you can host your virtual servers on Vultr in 60 seconds.Vultr는 어디서나 낮은 지연 시간으로 인프라 솔루션을 쉽게 확장할 수 있도록 세계 최대의 네트워크를 제공합니다. 23개 도시에 있는 고성능 SSD VPS를 60초 안에 구축하고 사용해 보세요. Vultr와 함께라면 가장 가까운 곳에서 개발하고 …Vultr Kubernetes Engine (VKE) is a fully managed Kubernetes product with predictable pricing. When you deploy VKE, you'll get a managed Kubernetes control plane that includes our Cloud Controller Manager (CCM) and the Container Storage Interface (CSI). In addition, you can configure block storage and load balancers or install add-ons such as ...Watch videos about Vultr, a cloud server provider with global locations and features. Learn how to use Vultr for AI/ML, CDN, CI/CD, Kubernetes, and more.Are you looking for a fast and reliable SSD VPS provider with a global network? Vultr offers advanced networking features such as private networks, IPv6, DDoS protection, and more. Learn how you can host your virtual servers on Vultr in 60 seconds.When you compare Linode vs DigitalOcean (or Vultr), you'll get 204MB of RAM for every dollar (in one month). SSD Nodes, on the other hand, gives you over 2,368MB of RAM per dollar—that's over 10x more RAM for every dollar you spend! Of course, RAM is very important but it isn't the only resource that matters.Vultr was established in 2014 and primarily offers cloud hosting plans. Vultr has served hundreds of thousands of customers and “spun up” over 30 MILLION cloud servers since its inception. Vultr is a rapidly expanding cloud infrastructure provider with 23 data centers worldwide and counting.Vultr: Vultr also lets users to make a backup manually. The automatic backups, on the other hand, are charged at 20% higher base fee compared to the hourly/monthly fee. DigitalOcean vs Linode vs Vultr – Performance Metrics. With most of the key aspects compared, it is now time to see the real numbers.Jun 2, 2022 · Vultr was established in 2014 and primarily offers cloud hosting plans. Vultr has served hundreds of thousands of customers and “spun up” over 30 MILLION cloud servers since its inception. Vultr is a rapidly expanding cloud infrastructure provider with 23 data centers worldwide and counting. Feb 4, 2021 · The Vultr web console is similar to sitting in front of a physical machine when network access is not possible. All major browsers support the web console, but it is not a full replacement for SSH or Remote Desktop clients. The web console is useful for server troubleshooting, credential resets, network configuration, and quickly checking the ... Vultr is a software development company that provides cloud, storage, and bare metal products in 32 global locations. Follow Vultr on LinkedIn to see their updates, jobs, employees, and events related to cloud computing, …Vultr was founded in 2014, and basically provides cloud hosting plans. Vultr is all about providing high quality, cutting-edge tech. As they say, their mission “is to simplify the cloud.” Since being founded, Vultr has serviced hundreds of thousands of customers and “spun up” over 30 MILLION cloud servers.Learn how to use Vultr Firewall to protect your cloud servers from unnecessary exposure to the internet. Vultr Firewall offers features comparable to server …We have performed large file transfers from the DigitalOcean and Vultr VPS and we measured the speed of downloads and uploads. The transfers involve multiple files, 10 threads and last for at least 10 seconds at maximum speed. The transfers are repeated 3 times from different servers and only the fastest transfer is reported here.Object Storage is Vultr's S3-compatible, web-accessible cloud object storage service for storing and retrieving file objects. Objects can be accessed privately or publicly over the web. Use cases for cloud object storage include: Static website hosting for assets such as images, JavaScript, CSS, or media files. Share software or business files.The Vultr High-Performance is powered by new generations of AMD EPYC or Intel Xeon CPUs and NVMe SSD. Vultr offers two types of High-Performance plans, AMD CPUs and Intel CPUs and the pricing is identical. So you can choose what CPU process you like. the Vultr High-Performance Pricing starts … High Performance, Low Price. Cloud Compute instances run atop best-in-class, shared AMD and Intel CPUs. Starting at just $5/month, with an optional upgrade to NVMe SSD, you get incredible performance at an unbeatable price. View Pricing. Deploy anything in seconds. Tue 15 Mar 2022 // 17:00 UTC. Cloud hosting provider Vultr has expanded its portfolio of cloud infrastructure with an new range of high-performance virtual machine instances, including its first products based on AMD Epyc processors, all with NVMe SSD storage. Vultr, which has data centers across North America, … Create a free Vultr Account. We are simplifying the cloud. One Login, 15 Countries, 22 Cities, Infinite Possibilities. DigitalOcean, Linode, and Vultr have different backup values. For instance, DigitalOcean will give you five automatic backup slots. But you should remember that the backup slots come at a price since you must pay 20% of the node price every month. In other words, the price you pay for backing up a $5 droplet is $1.May 11, 2021 · Vultr Load Balancer Quickstart Guide. The Vultr Load Balancer is a fully-managed solution to distribute traffic to multiple application servers. With a Vultr Load Balancer, you can enable horizontal scaling and increase the reliability of your applications in seconds by setting a few parameters through the customer portal. Aug 10, 2023 · Introduction. Vultr Virtual Private Cloud 2.0 (VPC 2.0) is an upgraded version of the original VPC service (formerly Private Networking). The new version of VPC includes better performance, scalability, and solid base technology for deploying future Vultr networking capabilities. Vultr.com is a cloud hosting provider that offers SSD VPS servers, cloud servers, and dedicated servers. You can find helpful guides, FAQs, and support tickets on their support page. Whether you need to troubleshoot, optimize, or secure your cloud infrastructure, Vultr support is here to help you. Are you looking for a cloud services provider that offers SSD VPS servers, cloud servers and cloud hosting in 25 optimized locations worldwide? Learn more about Vultr, a company that delivers high-performance and reliable cloud solutions for your needs. Learn how to manually configure your network adapters on Vultr cloud servers for Linux, Windows, and BSD-based operating systems. Follow the steps for …Vultr's object storage service supports up to 1,000 GB with 1 TB of bandwidth, while DigitalOcean's service supports 250 GB and 1 TB of bandwidth. Whether using Vultr, DigitalOcean or any other cloud provider, ensure the storage type you hope to use is available in the data center in which your workloads run.Feb 7, 2024 · Network Transfers. We have performed large file transfers from the DigitalOcean and Vultr VPS and we measured the speed of downloads and uploads. The transfers involve multiple files, 10 threads and last for at least 10 seconds at maximum speed. The transfers are repeated 3 times from different servers and only the fastest transfer is reported ... Director. Chose Linode. Vultr has probably the best datacenter distribution in America and Europe, and even Oceania is very well covered. Unfortunately it lacks an Indian datacenter, and performance is poor in some locations. it lacks support for some services like Kubernetes and object storage …. Incentivized.Learn how to create a Vultr Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) and connect your cloud servers in a private network. This guide shows you the steps and benefits of using a VPC for your cloud infrastructure.Vultr is a software development company that provides cloud, storage, and bare metal products in 32 global locations. Follow Vultr on LinkedIn to see their updates, jobs, employees, and events related to cloud computing, …Jun 13, 2023 · Intel HF. As you can see in the above picture the best VPS is Vultr Intel HF it is scoring the best it has 9.3 and is doing the best for CPU and DB. Hetzner again comes on second place not far behind Vultr. Vultr and Hetzner had passing grades and DigitalOcean didn’t pass again at this tests. Get $20 on Hetzner. Jun 13, 2023 · Intel HF. As you can see in the above picture the best VPS is Vultr Intel HF it is scoring the best it has 9.3 and is doing the best for CPU and DB. Hetzner again comes on second place not far behind Vultr. Vultr and Hetzner had passing grades and DigitalOcean didn’t pass again at this tests. Get $20 on Hetzner. Jun 29, 2021 · Vultr Direct Connect is a physical Ethernet connection from Vultr to you! With Vultr Direct Connect, your organization can set up dedicated physical connections directly into the Vultr worldwide platform. Bypass the public internet and extend your corporate or co-located infrastructure environment to both public and private Vultr compute ... Vultr pre-installs everything you need to get started. Our Cloud GPUs come with licensed NVIDIA drivers and the CUDA Toolkit. If you want a custom operating system that isn't in our library, install cloud-init, and we'll automatically install all the drivers and libraries you need through cloud-init vendor-data.Vultr uptime: The uptime of a website is the time that the website is up and running. A 100% uptime means that the website has never gone down. Vultr’s uptime is 99.99%. Vultr’s uptime guarantee is 100%. If Vultr fails to deliver a 100% uptime guarantee, your account will be eligible for credits based on any affected instances. Vultr Uptime ...Linode vs Vultr. When assessing the two solutions, reviewers found Linode easier to use, set up, and administer. Reviewers also preferred doing business with Linode overall. Reviewers felt that Linode meets the needs of their business better than Vultr. When comparing quality of ongoing product support, reviewers felt that Linode is the ...Launched in 2014, Vultr is the new kid on the block when it comes to VPS hosting providers. On its website, Vultr states that it’s “on a mission to empower developers and businesses by simplifying the deployment of infrastructure via its advanced cloud platform.” Since its launch, Vultr has successfully expanded to 16 regions around the …Director. Chose Linode. Vultr has probably the best datacenter distribution in America and Europe, and even Oceania is very well covered. Unfortunately it lacks an Indian datacenter, and performance is poor in some locations. it lacks support for some services like Kubernetes and object storage …. Incentivized. Compare DigitalOcean and Vultr. based on preference data from user reviews. DigitalOcean rates 4.6/5 stars with 491 reviews. By contrast, Vultr rates 4.3/5 stars with 229 reviews. Each product's score is calculated with real-time data from verified user reviews, to help you make the best choice between these two options, and decide which one is ... Learn how to protect your Vultr Cloud instance from common security threats by setting up multiple lines of defense, such as SSH keys, passwords, firewall …For Vultr Bare Metal, use the following settings: Vultr Internal AS: 20473. Vultr IPv4 BGP Neighbor: 169.254.1.1. Vultr IPv6 BGP Neighbor: 2001:19f0:ffff::1. BGP Multihop setting: 2. Note: You will use the same IPv4/IPv6 address …my.vultr.comVultr is a cloud hosting provider that offers high-performance, reliable, and scalable solutions for various needs. Whether you want to deploy a custom OS, a web application, or your own IP space, Vultr has the tools and features to help you succeed. Join Vultr's team and enjoy a rewarding career in the cloud industry.Learn how to use Vultr Virtual Private Cloud 2.0 (VPC 2.0) to segment and secure your cloud servers. Find out the limitations, features, and API endpoints of VPC 2.0.Jun 26, 2020 · The Vultr One-Click Docker application is a Docker CE host that's ready to run in about a minute. Vultr updates the application regularly, so you'll always have the latest platform for your Docker containers. One-Click Docker comes in both CentOS and Ubuntu flavors. Pre-Configured User. It is a best practice to run containers as a limited user. Vultr is a cloud server provider that aims to make it easy for developers and businesses to deploy their infrastructure on its advanced cloud platform. It has become one of the leading choices for hosting websites. Vultr has a global presence with 32 data centers across the world – You can select the server location that is nearest to you or your target audience.Vultr Talon Cloud GPU is a powerful and scalable solution for high-performance computing, machine learning, and gaming applications. You can choose from different GPU models, regions, and operating systems, and pay as you go with hourly billing. Learn more about Vultr Talon Cloud GPU and how it can boost your …High Performance, Low Price. Cloud Compute instances run atop best-in-class, shared AMD and Intel CPUs. Starting at just $5/month, with an optional upgrade to NVMe SSD, you get incredible performance at an unbeatable price. …Learn how to use Vultr Virtual Private Cloud 2.0 (VPC 2.0) to segment and secure your cloud servers. Find out the limitations, features, and API endpoints of VPC 2.0.Whether a digital start-up or scale-up, Vultr is here to help your development teams accelerate build, test, and production deployment of new digital applications and AI-assisted services. Our mission is to power productivity, innovation, and profitability growth for your business. With our full range of Cloud Compute services, our ecosystem of ... Cloud Compute – The Cloud Compute plan of Vultr starts from $2.50/month and can go up to $640/month. Users can get between 10 to 1600 GB storage space and 96 GB memory. Bare Metal – Bare Metal is a plan that comes with 8 cores, 5000GB bandwidth, and several other features at a price of $120/month. Dedicated Cloud – Dedicated Cloud prices ... Feb 24, 2023 · Vultr includes 10 Gbps DDoS protection from attacks on all Vultr Dedicated Cloud (VDC) instances in New York (NJ), Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, Silicon Valley, Seattle, Miami, Amsterdam, London, Frankfurt, and Paris. In the near future, it plans to offer even higher protection levels as an add-on subscription. Vultr offers an automatic backup when you opt for their VPS plans. Their backups are easy to manage and add another layer of security and protection to your data. Vultr does charge extra for backups, and you can expect your monthly base fee to increase by 20% for backups. Vultr also has a wide range of CMS for different systems.Vultr is one of the most popular cloud platforms in 2024. ServerAvatar manages hundreds of WordPress or PHP based sites on hundreds of Vultr cloud instances and demand for Vultr is growing rapidly. Right now, Vultr has more than 25 locations (data centers) in different countries including India. If your primary audience is from India, […]Vultr offers a variety of features and benefits to its users, including high-performance SSD storage, flexible APIs, a user-friendly control panel, and competitive pricing. The company operates in 31 data center locations across the globe, providing its users with a global presence and low-latency connectivity.To generate Let's Encrypt SSL certificates without a web server, use the --cert-only option. $ sudo certbot certonly --webroot -d example.com -d www.example.com -m [email protected] -w /var/www/html. The above command generates SSL certificates without a web server application and uses the …Introduction. Vultr Bare Metal gives you a dedicated, single-tenant environment to power your most resource-intensive workloads. You have access to the underlying physical server without virtualization, and the server hardware is 100% yours, with no noisy neighbors. There are zero shared resources and no metered CPU and IOPS resource limits.For Vultr Bare Metal, use the following settings: Vultr Internal AS: 20473. Vultr IPv4 BGP Neighbor: 169.254.1.1. Vultr IPv6 BGP Neighbor: 2001:19f0:ffff::1. BGP Multihop setting: 2. Note: You will use the same IPv4/IPv6 address …
With Vultr Direct Connect, your organization can set up dedicated physical connections directly into the Vultr worldwide platform. Bypass the public internet and extend your corporate or co-located infrastructure environment to both public and private Vultr compute resources across the globe. Physical connectivity introduces significant .... Jeffrey zakarian
Feb 24, 2023 · Vultr includes 10 Gbps DDoS protection from attacks on all Vultr Dedicated Cloud (VDC) instances in New York (NJ), Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, Silicon Valley, Seattle, Miami, Amsterdam, London, Frankfurt, and Paris. In the near future, it plans to offer even higher protection levels as an add-on subscription. We maintain multiple replicas of data for high availability and data protection. Key features to Vultr Block Storage v2 include: • Improved Performance - Significantly higher throughput, IOPS, and latency. • Greater Scalability - More flexible than your VM's boot volume. As your needs grow, so can Vultr Block …Vultr Global Cloud Hosting - Brilliantly Fast SSD VPS Cloud Servers. 100% KVM VirtualizationThe Vultr control panel makes server management simple and intuitive. Common tasks such as a ordering servers, managing backups, and adjusting access control are only a few clicks away. Control Panel features. Deploy an instance with Vultr. Over 45 million instances deployed by thousands of clients.Tue 15 Mar 2022 // 17:00 UTC. Cloud hosting provider Vultr has expanded its portfolio of cloud infrastructure with an new range of high-performance virtual machine instances, including its first products based on AMD Epyc processors, all with NVMe SSD storage. Vultr, which has data centers across North America, …All Linux and *BSD servers at Vultr have SSH enabled. To connect to the server with SSH, open a command prompt on your computer and run: ssh username@host. For example, to connect as root to a server at 192.0.2.123: ssh [email protected]. SSH is pre-installed on macOS and Linux. Windows users … Are you looking for the latest news and information about Vultr, the cloud computing platform that offers high performance and cheap cloud servers, load balancers, snapshots, and more? Visit Vultr's news page and stay updated on new features, promotions, tutorials, and events. Learn how to optimize your Vultr instances and get the most out of your cloud experience. How to Access Your Vultr VPS - Vultr.comLearn how to connect to your Vultr virtual private server (VPS) using different methods, such as SSH, RDP, or SFTP. Follow the step-by-step instructions and get started with your cloud hosting in minutes. Vultr Vultr's object storage service supports up to 1,000 GB with 1 TB of bandwidth, while DigitalOcean's service supports 250 GB and 1 TB of bandwidth. Whether using Vultr, DigitalOcean or any other cloud provider, ensure the storage type you hope to use is available in the data center in which your workloads run.Mar 03, 2021. In this post, Mariah McLaughlin, Software Engineer on the Vultr Cloud Native Team discusses the Vultr CLI, one of our open-source tools and shares how it can …Vultr.com is a cloud hosting provider that offers SSD VPS servers, cloud servers, and dedicated servers. You can find helpful guides, FAQs, and support tickets on their support page. Whether you need to troubleshoot, optimize, or secure your cloud infrastructure, Vultr support is here to help you.Are you looking for a fast and reliable SSD VPS provider with a global network? Vultr offers advanced networking features such as private networks, IPv6, DDoS protection, and more. Learn how you can host your virtual servers on Vultr in 60 seconds.Vultr $2.50 plan is only available in Atlanta and New Your datacenters right now. Vultr $2.5 Plan. Try Vultr $2.50 Plan With $100 Free Credit. Vultr $3.50 Plan: This plan costs $3.50 per month and offers a server with 1 CPU, 500 MB RAM, 500 GB Bandwidth, and 10 GB SSD storage space.With Vultr Direct Connect, your organization can set up dedicated physical connections directly into the Vultr worldwide platform. Bypass the public internet and extend your corporate or co-located infrastructure environment to both public and private Vultr compute resources across the globe. Physical connectivity introduces significant ...3. Run the WordPress Wizard. Select your language and click Continue. Enter your site title, username, and email address. Make a note of the suggested password, or enter your preferred password. Click Install WordPress. Wait for WordPress to finish the installation, then log in to your WordPress dashboard.Vultr Overview. With 200k plus customers from 150 countries around the globe, Vultr is known for offering cloud servers with resilient SSD storage. This advanced cloud platform aims to deliver cloud infrastructure and hosting services to … Are you looking for a cloud services provider that offers SSD VPS servers, cloud servers and cloud hosting in 25 optimized locations worldwide? Learn more about Vultr, a company that delivers high-performance and reliable cloud solutions for your needs. .